Water Park Project Construction and Management: Scale and Amusement Facilities Selection of the Water Park
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2024-08-20
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Editor-in-Chief | Yang Ming
Editor | Jing Xiangyuan
Source | Santerre Research Institute
The most significant feature of a water park is water, where visitors enjoy a cool and pleasant experience through water activities. Water amusement facilities are the main experience carriers for visitors in water parks and are also the core of water parks. How should the scale and amusement facilities of a water park be designed? This article introduces the types of water amusement facilities, the area of the water park, and the configuration principles of amusement facilities for reference by relevant personnel.
Water amusement facilities are diverse in types and forms. Generally, they are categorized into pool types and riding types; functionally, they can be divided into water slides, water castles, wave-making equipment, surfing equipment, and playful water features. Through different combinations, they provide visitors with a variety of entertainment experiences.
1. Water Slides
Water slides are the main equipment in water parks, the most important visitor experience platform, and the main carrier for showcasing creativity and features. Water slides are characterized by high-speed slides and variable paths. Combined with changes in appearance, transparent pipes, and transparent ribbons, innovative designs provide visitors seeking speed and adventure with thrilling experiences. According to different characteristics, water slides can be further divided into body slides, tube slides, family slides, racing slides, water roller coasters, and rock 'n' roll wheels. Different types can be mixed and matched to present more variations.
In recent years, high-tower slides have become a new highlight. The eye-catching and beautiful shape of the tower itself can become a landmark of an area. Coupled with brightly colored slides, it can further increase attention, create a center of attraction, and greatly expand the influence and radiation range of the water park. The high tower can also accommodate more slides, improving the water park's reception capacity, improving land use efficiency, and making it suitable for small parks with limited land area and high visitor volume.
2. Water Castles
Water castles combine various water amusement elements such as fountains, slides, water toys, and climbing nets to create a safe and fun space, especially suitable for family members to participate together, promoting interaction and emotional exchange between parents and children. Water castles have many play elements, a large water area, a large visitor capacity, and a long stay time, making them one of the main facilities for receiving large crowds during peak hours in water parks.
3. Wave Making
Wave-making equipment simulates a turbulent ocean environment through program control, allowing visitors to feel as if they are in a vast ocean, enjoying the excitement and exhilaration of the waves. According to the shape of the water area, wave making can be divided into wave pools and wave rivers; common wave-making methods include pneumatic wave making, hydraulic wave making, vacuum wave making, and wave balls.
Wave pools and wave rivers have large water areas and long visitor stay times. Combined with interactive performances, they can greatly enhance visitor experience and mood, and together with water castles, they are the main facilities for accommodating large crowds during peak hours.
Pneumatic wave making, hydraulic wave making, and vacuum wave making require independent equipment rooms. The water area affected by wave making is large, suitable for medium and large water parks; wave balls are a new type of wave-making method that does not require a separate equipment room and are suitable for small water parks, wading pools, and situations where an equipment room cannot be added to existing water parks during renovations.
4. Surfing Equipment
Surfing equipment uses water pumps to drive water flow, creating an upward flow speed. Surfers control the water-cutting area and angle of the board to achieve balance and perform various actions on the water, which is very visually appealing. According to the depth of the water flow, there are two types: ordinary surfing simulators and deep-water surfing simulators. Ordinary surfing simulators have been developed earlier and the technology is mature; deep-water surfing has emerged in recent years, offering a better experience but higher energy consumption.
5. Playful Water Features
Playful water features are water-spraying and water-sprinkling toys and wading pools suitable for children to play in. They can be controlled independently for interaction, with bright colors and lively and lovely shapes, making visitors feel as if they are in a fairytale water world.
Water Park
Scale Estimation
The reception capacity of a water park should be based on market research and project feasibility studies, scientifically analyzing and calculating the annual, weekday, and peak-day visitor numbers. The annual visitor volume is the basis for economic indicator calculations, while the weekday and peak-day visitor numbers are the benchmarks for water park design.
The key indicator of water park scale is the land area. Below, taking a water park with a daily visitor volume of 5,000 as an example, we briefly explain the matching relationship between water park reception capacity and land area in both indoor and outdoor forms.
Indoor water parks have a longer operating period and relatively stable traffic flow; outdoor water parks mainly operate in summer, with a short operating period and large fluctuations in traffic flow, so they require a larger area to reserve more reception capacity to cope with peak crowds.
The calculation method here refers to a lower facility density and the minimum space requirements for a comfortable experience. If the water park's theme packaging, landscaping, and other facilities occupy a larger area, or if it is considered to reduce crowd density to improve visitor experience, the land area should be appropriately increased by 1-2 times.
Water Park's
Amusement Facility Matching
The types of amusement facilities in a water park should be matched according to the age structure and consumption habits of the visitor groups in market research and project feasibility studies, with appropriate configurations of both riding and pool types. Here, we still use the above example to illustrate the matching method of water park amusement facilities.
Based on the weekday capacity, consider the proportion of active play and leisure viewing to be 70% and 30%, respectively. The principle for configuring the number of amusement facilities is that the total reception capacity of the facilities should be equivalent to the number of active players.
Indoor water parks can configure riding facilities at about 40% of the number of active players; outdoor riding facilities can be slightly lower, at about 30% of the number of active players.
The remaining active players are accommodated by pool facilities. Water castles have large differences and should refer to specific equipment parameters. Wave pools, wave rivers, and wading pools are calculated at 3m² per person.
The reception capacity of riding equipment includes tourists queuing within 20 minutes, that is, the equipment reception capacity within 20 minutes is used as the equipment's reception capacity for calculation.
High-stimulation water slides in the equipment are hotspots for water parks to attract tourists, especially popular among teenage tourists, but a considerable proportion of people are unwilling to experience them, so the number should be appropriately configured; multi-person slides and family slides have the widest audience and are the main equipment of water parks; if the water park mainly targets families with children, the number of children's slides should be increased.
Conclusion
The amusement facilities in water parks are mainly divided into two categories: pool-type and riding-type. Water slides in the riding-type category are the core equipment for tourists' experience in water parks, while water castles and wave-making equipment in the pool-type category are the main venues for carrying large passenger flows.
The land area is a key parameter for the scale of a water park. The water park's capacity should be calculated based on the reception capacity target measured by market research and feasibility studies, and the land area of the water park should be planned reasonably.
The types of amusement facilities should be matched according to the age structure and consumption habits of tourists, and the number of amusement facilities should meet the total reception capacity and daily capacity.
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